Welcome to India
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India is located in the Southern part of Asia and ranks 7th in the world’s largest country by areas well as being the world’s 2nd most populous country. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast and shares land borders with Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Myanmar.
India is blessed with diverse topography—from mountains to plains, to plateaus, deserts, coasts and islands. The Tropic of Cancer divides the country into two equal parts
Education in India
Education in India is provided by public schools and private schools. Free and compulsory education is provided as a fundamental right to children between the ages of 6 and 14. It is a rapidly changing country in which inclusive, high-quality education is of utmost importance for its future prosperity. Approximately 75% of the population, aged between 7 to 10 years, was literate.
Much of the progress, especially in higher education and scientific research, has been credited to various public institutions. Enrolment in higher education has increased steadily over the past decade, reaching a Gross Enrolment Ratio of 24% in 2013. At the primary and secondary level, India has a large private school system complementing the government-run schools, with 29% of students receiving private education in the 6 to 14 age group. Some post-secondary technical schools are also private.
India’s higher education system does not have the capacity to achieve enrolment ratios anywhere close to those of other middle-income economies. The country’s tertiary gross enrolment rate is growing fast, but remains more than 20 percentage points below that of China or Brazil, despite the creation of large numbers of higher education institutions (HEIS) in recent years.
Graduate employment
Although estimates vary, there is little doubt that unemployment is high among university graduates—Indian authorities noted in 2017 that 60% of engineering graduates remain unemployed, while a 2013 study of 60,000 university graduates in different disciplines found that 47% of them were unemployable in any skilled occupation. India’s overall youth unemployment rate, meanwhile, has remained stuck above 10 percent for the past decade. Such bottlenecks have caused a large-scale outflow of labour migrants and international students from India: The number of Indian students enrolled in degree programs abroad has grown almost fivefold since 1998.
Demography
According to the United Nations data (October 2019), the population of India is 1,370,010,664. India has the largest youth population in the world – 600 million young people under the age of 25. Fully 28% of the population is less than 14 years of age, and with more than 30 babies being born every minute, population growth rates are expected to remain at around 1% for years. If India manages to modernize and expand its education system, raise educational attainment levels, and provide skills to its youth, it could gain a significant competitive advantage over swiftly ageing countries like China.
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